Transformers
A hypothetical ideal transformer considered as a circuit element, consisting of N P turns in the primary winding, and N S in the secondary. Electrical power supplied to the primary circuit is delivered to the load in secondary circuit by means of mutual induction. The time-varying magnetic flux in the core generates an electromagnetic force over each of the windings. The voltage and current relationships are shown below. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Please explain what is transformer and tell what is the reason behind the working of transformer that it reduces potenial when current is high and increases potential when current is low?
Explain widely and deeply with concepts.
Answer:
Transformer is a device based on mutual inductance and is used to change the voltage of alternating (or varying) current. There are two types of transformers – stepup and stepdown.
A step-up transformer increases the voltage as the step-down transformer decreases the ac voltage.
When a transformer changes the alternating voltage, it is not adding any power, it only transforms the voltage.
As power is the product of voltage and current, as voltage increases, the current decreases. (and vice versa)
The following links will help you understand transformers in great detail.
- http://www.physlink.com/education/askexperts/ae427.cfm
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer
- http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/transf.html
- http://www.nuffieldfoundation.org/practical-physics/explaining-how-transformer-works
